May 16, 2017

Lab 4

Introduction: The question that was decidedly to pursue in this lab was "What is or are the safest places to hike in Wisconsin". The main objective is to find a place in a National Forests  in which if someone were to get injured hiking help would be most able to get to them and save them. The secondary objective was to avoid places with records of fire in these forests. This Map would most likely be used by beginner hikers whom are cautious, or older hikers who are at a higher risk of injury.

Data Sources: In order to answer this question one needs lots of general information on Wisconsin. Most the information needed was taken from the Wisconsin DNR database, a database linkable through ArcMap and ESRI. The rest was found within the information provided by course. The data was three years old which was somewhat concerning, but the largest data concern was the shear amount of data provided for the question being asked, as there was little issue finding the required information. There was so much data in some of the features that the computer was slowing down and becoming difficult to use.

Methods: In order to answer this question a number of methods were employed. First all of the appropriate feature classes were added to the map, including a map of Wisconsin. Then all of the data sets were queried and new feature classes were created to ensure that all displayed data was within the border of Wisconsin. After this a series of buffers were created around hospitals, roads, and recorded locations of fires. After the area around fire areas was removed using the Erase tool the remaining buffers were intersected with the National Forests to find a safe location in which to hike. The areas that all three buffers intersected were such places.



Results: The results of this question were actually quite surprising. There were a number of large areas that fit the criteria of safety that was required. All the areas were fairly far north, and were 10km away from any recorded fire, within 10 km of major roads so help can get there quickly, and finally all locations are within 25km of a hospital.
Evaluations: I enjoyed the project as it shows me I can make my own maps interesting to me which gets me excited for future GIS classes and potential jobs. Additionally I found that if I were to do it again I would likely choose an even more complicated question as it would be more fun to create the map and the end result would be more satisfying. My only challenges were with what order to use various tools. Because some of the feature classes were big if I did something in an odd order it would slow everything down. So I would avoid that.



May 8, 2017

Lab 3
Goal:
The goal of this lab was to teach the ability to use a series of geoprocessing tools in ArcGIS in order to determine suitable habitat for bears in Marquette, Michigan.

Background:
The purpose of this exercise is to create a map of suitable bear habitat in Marquette, Michigan using a number of geoprocessing tools.

Methods:
The first step was importing the study set of bears.  The XY coordinates of the bears were in an Excel spreadsheet that needed to be imported to ArcGIS.  In order to bring the coordinates into ArcGIS, they had to be imported as an XY event theme.  The issue was that with event themes there was no ObjectID field.  Making it impossible to do nearly anything with the data.  Because the data needs to be manipulated, the data was exported into a feature class and then re-imported into the map. The second step was locating the best bear habitat in Marquette County.  The first step for this was to determining what kind of land cover the bears were frequently found. This was done by summarizing the table by minor type. The top three habitat types were Mixed Forest Land, Forested Wetlands, and Evergreen Forest Land. The second step to do this was to create a buffer of 500 meters around the streams feature class, and then intersect it with the bear habitat locations.  The pieces where bears were then cleaned up using the dissolve tool. The third and final step was to find the best bear habitat that did not fall into any area 5km from urban or built up areas. The Urban and Built Up major type was selected, turned into a separate feature class, and then buffered with a distance of 5 kilometers. To finish, the erase tool was used to erase the DNR land from this buffered zone.

Results:
The results show that there are a number of different DNR management areas, and that they center around areas with a high concentration of steams, as that is where the most bears seem to be found.

Figures:


Sources:
"GIS Open Data." State of Michigan Coat of Arms. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 May 2017.

Information, Michigan Center for Geographic. "Michigan 1992 NLCD Shapefile by County." Michigan Center for Geographic Information, 01 Nov. 2002. Web. 09 May 2017

Resources, Michigan Department of Natural. "Wildlife_mgmt_units." DNR. Michigan Department of Natural Resources. Forest, Mineral and Fire Management Division. Natural Resource Information Services., 01 Aug. 2001. Web. 09 May 2017.

Center for Shared Solutions and Technology Partnerships. "Michigan Geographic Framework: Marquette County." Center for Shared Solutions and Technology Partnerships, 01 June 2014. Web. 09 May 2017